HMG (Human Menopausal Gonadotropin)

HCG alone provides LH-receptor stimulation, which is sufficient for testosterone production and partial spermatogenesis. However, full spermatogenesis requires FSH acting on Sertoli cells. Men who fail to achieve adequate sperm production on HCG monotherapy typically need the addition of FSH (via HMG) to complete the spermatogenic cascade.

Sperm production restoration is slow — spermatogenesis from stem cell to mature sperm takes approximately 74 days. Meaningful improvement in sperm count typically requires 3-6 months of gonadotropin therapy. Semen analysis at 3 and 6 months provides the appropriate assessment timeline.

Menopur is a branded HMG product containing equal LH and FSH activity. Generic HMG preparations contain similar combined LH/FSH content derived from menopausal urine. Research-grade HMG contains equivalent gonadotropin activity at the labelled IU dose.

Yes — HMG was originally developed for female fertility treatment (ovarian stimulation in IVF protocols). Menopur and similar preparations are routinely used in female reproductive medicine. The male fertility application is a well-established secondary use.

Recombinant FSH (r-FSH) provides pure FSH without LH activity. HMG provides combined LH and FSH. For men who already have adequate LH stimulation from HCG, r-FSH alone may be sufficient. For post-cycle recovery where both are needed, HMG simplifies the protocol to a single injection type.

Lyophilised (powder) HMG vials can be stored at room temperature away from light and heat. Once reconstituted, the solution should be refrigerated and used within the recommended window (typically 28 days). Follow the specific storage instructions for the preparation used.